Headspin hole: The tumor-like side-effect from breakdancing

COPENHAGEN, Denmark — The 2024 Olympics put breakdancing in the spotlight, but a new report may give many people second thoughts about showing off their best moves. Researchers in Denmark have discovered a potentially dangerous side-effect of this popular dance form: the “headspin hole.”

Few styles are as visually striking and physically demanding as breakdancing. With its gravity-defying spins, acrobatic flips, and intricate footwork, breakdancing has captivated audiences for decades. However, a recent study published in the journal BMJ Case Reports reveals that the majority of breakdancers who perform headspins may be at risk of developing a large tumor-like growth on the top of their scalp.

Researchers from the Department of Neurosurgery at Copenhagen University Hospital add that this unique overuse injury, colloquially known as a “headspin hole” or “breakdancer’s bulge,” is often accompanied by hair loss and tenderness.

The new study focuses on a male breakdancer in his early 30s who developed a prominent scalp bump over five years of intense headspin practice. Despite concerns over his appearance and physical discomfort, the dancer continued his rigorous training regimen, which included approximately five 90-minute sessions per week. During each session, he would apply direct pressure to the top of his head for periods ranging from two to seven minutes.

Upon examination, doctors discovered a longitudinal mass at the vertex of the patient’s skull. MRI scans revealed significant subgaleal fibrosis and thickening of the subcutis (the layer of tissue right under the skin), consistent with what radiologists call the “cone-head sign.” This sign is characterized by a cone-shaped deformity at the top of the skull, resulting from repeated trauma to the area.

The fibrous mass was successfully removed surgically, improving his appearance and providing symptom relief. An analysis of the removed tissue showed extensive fibrosis, a buildup and stiffening of tissue into a hard-to-move mass. Importantly, however, there were no signs that the mass was cancerous. At a one-month follow-up appointment, the patient expressed extreme satisfaction with the procedure, noting a significant reduction in the protuberance on his head.

This case study highlights the importance of recognizing chronic scalp conditions, especially among breakdancers, and suggests that surgical intervention can be an effective treatment option. It also underscores the need for awareness among dancers and medical professionals about the potential long-term effects of repetitive head-spinning movements.

The “headspin hole” is just one example of what researchers call “breakdancer overuse syndrome.” This collection of chronic conditions can affect various parts of the body, including the wrists, fingers, knees, and shoulders. In fact, a German study of 106 breakdancers found that over 60% experienced overuse injuries to the scalp due to headspins, with nearly a third reporting hair loss and about a quarter developing painless head bumps.

While breakdancing has long been celebrated for its creativity and athletic prowess, this research serves as a reminder that even the most impressive dance moves can come with hidden risks. As breakdancing continues to gain popularity after its Olympic debut, it’s crucial for dancers, trainers, and healthcare providers to be aware of these potential injuries and take steps to prevent them.

For aspiring b-boys and b-girls, this study doesn’t mean hanging up your sneakers just yet. Instead, it emphasizes the importance of proper training, adequate rest, and seeking medical attention when unusual symptoms arise. After all, the goal is to keep breaking without breaking yourself.